img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 211-221.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00175

• • 上一篇    

额济纳绿洲土壤水盐空间特征及其影响因素

马晓萱1,2(), 陈丽娟1,2(), 李鹏3, 陈永玲3, 刘英3   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
    3.额济纳旗农牧业技术推广中心,内蒙古 额济纳旗 735499
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-08 修回日期:2025-11-07 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 陈丽娟
  • 作者简介:马晓萱(2000—),女,山西临汾人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区土壤学研究。E-mail: maxiaoxuan@nieer.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省自然科学基金项目(23JRRA661);内蒙古自治区阿拉善盟科技计划项目(AMKJ2023-06)

Spatial characteristics and influencing factors of soil moisture and salinity in Ejina Oasis

Xiaoxuan Ma1,2(), Lijuan Chen1,2(), Peng Li3, Yonglin Chen3, Ying Liu3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
    3.Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Ejina Banner,Ejina Banner 735499,Inner Mongolia,China
  • Received:2025-09-08 Revised:2025-11-07 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Lijuan Chen

摘要:

土壤盐碱化防治是推进全球绿色可持续发展的重要内容,对保障极度干旱区生态安全、实现高质量发展具有重要意义。本研究以内蒙古额济纳绿洲的荒漠与农田土壤为研究对象,通过分层采样结合地统计学、数理统计学等研究方法,系统揭示绿洲脆弱区土壤水盐的空间分异规律及其影响因素。结果表明:额济纳绿洲土壤水盐特征存在显著空间分异。在区域尺度上,荒漠土壤含水量普遍较低且空间差异较小,农田土壤含水量波动主要受农业生产影响;盐分以达来呼布镇和苏泊淖尔苏木周边荒漠为主要富集区,农田土壤盐分浓度整体较小。在土壤剖面尺度上,随土层深度的增加,土壤含水量逐渐增加,盐分浓度逐渐减小,盐分表聚现象突出。盐分离子以Na⁺、Cl⁻、SO42+为主,空间分异上呈现出由中部较低区域逐渐向西南、东北两端波动增大特征。土壤水分和容重对土壤盐分的分异产生主要影响,土壤含水量与Mg2+、SO42-显著正相关(P<0.05),容重与Na+、Cl-以外的盐分离子显著负相关(P<0.05)。

关键词: 额济纳绿洲, 土壤水盐, 盐分离子, 空间异质性

Abstract:

The prevention and control of soil salinization are crucial for promoting global green and sustainable development. They play a vital role in maintaining ecological security in extremely arid regions and achieving high-quality development. This study investigates desert and farmland soils in the Ejina Oasis, Inner Mongolia. Through a combination of stratified sampling, geostatistics, and mathematical statistics, we systematically revealed the spatial differentiation patterns of soil moisture and salinity in this fragile oasis ecosystem and identified their driving factors. The results indicate significant spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture and salinity across the Ejina Oasis. At the regional scale, soil moisture variability is primarily influenced by agricultural activities. Desert soils generally exhibit low moisture content and limited spatial variation, whereas farmland soils show higher moisture levels. Soil salinity is mainly concentrated in the desert areas surrounding Dalaihubu Town and Subonaor Sumu, while farmland soils generally have lower salinity. At the soil profile scale, soil moisture increases with depth, whereas salinity decreases, with a clear surface accumulation of salts. The dominant salt ions are Na⁺, Cl⁻, and SO₄²⁻, whose spatial variability increases from the central low-salinity areas toward the southwest and northeast margins. Soil moisture and bulk density are the primary factors influencing salinity distribution. Specifically, soil moisture is significantly positively correlated with SO₄²⁻ (P<0.05),while bulk density is significantly negatively correlated with most salt ions except Na⁺ and Cl⁻ (P<0.05).

Key words: Ejina Oasis, soil moisture and salinity, salt ions, spatial heterogeneity

中图分类号: